Expression of tropane alkaloids in the hairy root culture of Atropa acuminata substantiated by DART mass spectrometric technique.

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated 'hairy root' cultures were established in Atropa acuminata. The chemical profiling of the hairy roots was carried out by a new mass spectrometric technique, direct analysis in real time (DART). The intact hairy roots were directly analyzed by holding them in the gap between the DART ion source and mass spectrometer. Two alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine, were characterized. The structural confirmation of the two alkaloids was made through their accurate molecular formula determinations. This is the first report of establishing hairy roots in A. acuminata as well as application of the DART technique for the chemical profiling of its hairy roots.